Define a Mechanical Earth Model and state the contributing components.
State the sources of data used in a Mechanical Earth Model.
Describe the purpose and application of a Mechanical Earth Model.
Describe the sequence of steps involved with producing a Mechanical Earth Model.
Understanding the Mechanical Earth Model in Reservoir Geomechanics

Introduction

The Mechanical Earth Model (MEM) is a valuable tool used in reservoir geomechanics to understand the behavior and properties of subsurface formations. It plays a crucial role in optimizing reservoir management strategies and ensuring efficient hydrocarbon production. In this article, we will delve into the concept of the Mechanical Earth Model in reservoir geomechanics, its applications, and its benefits in enhancing reservoir management. So, let’s get started!

What is Mechanical Earth Model in Reservoir Geomechanics?

The Mechanical Earth Model (MEM) is a comprehensive representation of the mechanical properties of subsurface formations. It combines geology, geophysics, and engineering principles to create a detailed understanding of the mechanical behavior of reservoir rocks. The MEM takes into account factors such as stress distribution, rock strength, and fluid flow properties, which are crucial for reservoir characterization and management.

Understanding the mechanical behavior of reservoir rocks is essential for various aspects of reservoir management, including wellbore stability, hydraulic fracturing, and production optimization. The MEM provides insights into the stress regime and rock deformability, enabling engineers to make informed decisions and mitigate potential risks.

The Mechanical Earth Model (MEM) provides the context for introducing sources of geomechanics data that are involved with the modeling process. The MEM is a concise record of the geomechanical information required to implement geomechanical workflows. It is not a reservoir model. Rather, it spans the entire stratigraphic section from the surface of the earth to below the reservoir or other zone of interest. It comprises the best current information about:

Geologic structure
Permissible rock deformation mechanisms
Rock mechanical properties
State of stress

Figure 1 illustrates the components of a mechanical earth model (MEM).

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The MEM is defined by a series of components shown schematically including:

Framework model
Mechanical stratigraphy
Mechanical properties, ( $E$ , $\nu$ , UCS, Friction Angle)
Earth stresses: pore pressure, $P_p$ ; principal stresses, $S_V$ , $S_h$ , $S_H$ ; stress direction.