Basin Formation Processes

Assessment Basin Formation Processes

1. Geodynamic models are ____________ models that estimate the deformational response of the crust and lithosphere.

A .thermo-mechanical
B .chemical
C .static
D .thermal

2. The lithosphere becomes mechanically stronger with increasing thickness and decreasing temperature.

A .True
B .False

3. What is the principle of hydrostatic balance between floating bodies due to the effect of buoyancy?

A .Viscoelasticity
B .Rheology
C .Isostasy
D .Hydrology

4. Which of the following layers behaves like a low-viscosity fluid?

A .Mantle lid
B .Asthenosphere
C .Lithospheric mantle
D .Subcrustal lithosphere

5. The compressional velocity in the mantle is typically about _________ greater than in the crust.

A .1 km/sec
B .10 km/sec
C .100 km/sec

6. Which of the following is a mechanical load due to tectonics?

A .Deposition
B .Localized transgression
C .Block uplift
D .Erosion

7. Heating lithospheric material decreases its density and _______ its buoyancy.

A .decreases
B .increases

8. Airy model, assumes that all crustal loads are compensated locally and that the lithosphere has no lateral strength.

A .True
B .False

9. Newton’s Second Law: the sum of the forces is equal to the mass times:

A .velocity
B .volume
C .acceleration
D .density

10. According to the flexural compensation model, with an increasing replacement mass density, the basin becomes:

A .narrower and deeper
B .wider and deeper
C .wider and more shallow

11. The free-air anomalies are associated with compensated, long-wavelength topographic loads.

A .True
B .False

12. Viscoelastic models assume that after a load is placed, the lithosphere progressively softens, its rigidity:

A .decreases with time.
B .increases with time.

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